One Akshowhini
Well I am sure that most of you know this calculation even then I am giving it.
1 Patti Comprised the following
- 1 Chariot
- 1 Elephant
- 5 foot soldiers
- 3 horses
3 patti comprised of 1 Sena Mukha
3 Sena Mukha comprised of 1 Gulma
3 Gulma comprised of 1 gana
3 ganas comprised of 1 vahini
3 vahinis comprised of one pritana
3 pritanas comprised of one chamu
3 chamus comprised of 1 ankini
10 ankinis comprised of 1 akshowhini
as per this calculation 1 akshowhini would be
21870 chariots
21870 elephants
1,09,530 foot soldiers
65,610 horses
so there were in all :
21870 *18 = 393660 chariots
21870 *18 = 393660 elephants
109530 *18= 1971540 foot soldiers
65610*18 = 1180980 horsemen
all these add to-->only 39,39,840 warriors....
VedicMathematics
Vedic Mathematics is the name given to the ancient system of Mathematics which was rediscovered from the Vedas …
Vedic history
History of South Asia
Stone Age before 3300 BCE
Mature Harappan 2600–1700 BCE
Late Harappan 1700–1300 BCE
Iron Age 1200–300 BCE
Maurya Empire 321–184 BCE
Middle Kingdoms 230 BCE–1279 CE
Satavahana 230 BCE–220 CE
Gupta Empire 280–550 CE
Pala Empire 750–1140 CE
Delhi Sultanate 1206–1596
Mughal Empire 1526–1803
Maratha Empire 1674–1818
British India 1858–1947
Modern States since 1947
Stone Age before 3300 BCE
Mature Harappan 2600–1700 BCE
Late Harappan 1700–1300 BCE
Iron Age 1200–300 BCE
Maurya Empire 321–184 BCE
Middle Kingdoms 230 BCE–1279 CE
Satavahana 230 BCE–220 CE
Gupta Empire 280–550 CE
Pala Empire 750–1140 CE
Delhi Sultanate 1206–1596
Mughal Empire 1526–1803
Maratha Empire 1674–1818
British India 1858–1947
Modern States since 1947
Atri's solar eclipse
In Rig Veda&Sankhyayana Brahmana, Atri Rishi has described a total solar eclipse that occurred three days before autumnal equinox. Is this information adequate to identify and retro date that eclipse? Famous Bal Gangadhar Tilak, in his book
Orion describes unsuccessful efforts in late 1800’s to date Atri’s eclipse. This article revisits the issue of dating Atri’s solar eclipse in the present computer era with vastly superior mathematical models of heavenly body motion.
Orion describes unsuccessful efforts in late 1800’s to date Atri’s eclipse. This article revisits the issue of dating Atri’s solar eclipse in the present computer era with vastly superior mathematical models of heavenly body motion.
Dating the Mahabharatha - Two eclipses in thirteen days
Mahabharata, by venerable Veda Vyasa, is an important epic from India. It is much larger than Homer’s Iliad. The traditional Indian ethos considers this to be a major historical event from a period nearly 5000-6000 years old. But like Homer’s Iliad (which is now considered historical based on evidence), doubts about Mahabharata’s historicity has been and is currently challenged by many. There are references to Mahabharata by Panini in circa 450 BC. The Mahabharata story is more than 100,000 verses in Sanskrit, in anushtap chandas prosody. It is rich with a large number of astronomical observations about planet positions, their retrograde motion, and eclipses in period approaching the Mahabharata war.
In the first article, one unique statement from Mahabharata Bhishma Parva (Chapter) that ‘Two eclipses occurred in 13 days’ prior to war is analyzed. Can a solar-lunar eclipse pair occur in 13 days? Were these seen? In this modern computer era, we can use mathematical modeling, large and refined astronomical databases, and complex astronomical computer software to accurately back project all possible eclipses over the past 5000 years. Details of such a study is presented. The article concludes that naked eye visible solar-lunar eclipse pairs can occur in a short 332 hours occasionally, which is less than 14 days (336 hours is 14 days). These eclipses would occur through the transition of sunrise or sunset. Nearly 30 pairs of such eclipse pairs that were visible in Northern India during 700 BC to 3300 BC have been identified.
In the first article, one unique statement from Mahabharata Bhishma Parva (Chapter) that ‘Two eclipses occurred in 13 days’ prior to war is analyzed. Can a solar-lunar eclipse pair occur in 13 days? Were these seen? In this modern computer era, we can use mathematical modeling, large and refined astronomical databases, and complex astronomical computer software to accurately back project all possible eclipses over the past 5000 years. Details of such a study is presented. The article concludes that naked eye visible solar-lunar eclipse pairs can occur in a short 332 hours occasionally, which is less than 14 days (336 hours is 14 days). These eclipses would occur through the transition of sunrise or sunset. Nearly 30 pairs of such eclipse pairs that were visible in Northern India during 700 BC to 3300 BC have been identified.
Puranic Time Measurements"Explained"
The Puranas describe a number of time cycles within cycles. Discussions of these cycles can become confusing because different cycles are measured in different types of units. For example, the cycles are often described in units of deva years
( years in the higher planets ), each of which equals 360 human years.
The following description starts with the smaller cycles and works up to the larger ones. The length of each cycle is given in ordinary human (earth) years, as well other units where appropriate. Large numbers are described using the conventions of American English: thus, a million is a thousand thousand, a billion is a thousand million, a trillion is a thousand billion.
( years in the higher planets ), each of which equals 360 human years.
The following description starts with the smaller cycles and works up to the larger ones. The length of each cycle is given in ordinary human (earth) years, as well other units where appropriate. Large numbers are described using the conventions of American English: thus, a million is a thousand thousand, a billion is a thousand million, a trillion is a thousand billion.
Reckoning of time for Brahma.
1000 Mahayugas = 1 kalpa = 1 day (day only) of Brahma
(Two kalpas constitute a day and night of Brahma)
30 days of Brahma = 1 month of Brahma (259.2 billion human years)
12 months of Brahma = 1 year of Brahma (3.1104 trillion human years)
50 years of Brahma = 1 Pararddha
2 parardhas = 100 years of Brahma = 1 Para = 1 Mahakalpa (the lifespan of Brahma)(311.04 trillion human years)
One day of Brahma is divided into 10,000 parts called charanas. The charanas are divided as follows:
The Four Yugas 4 charanas (1,728,000 solar years) Satya Yuga
3 charanas (1,296,000 solar years) Treta Yuga
2 charanas (864,000 solar years) Dwapar Yuga
1 charanas (432,000 solar years) Kali Yuga
Source: [3]
The cycle repeats itself so altogether there are 1,000 cycles of mahayugas in one day of Brahma.
One cycle of the above four yugas is one mahayuga (4.32 million solar years)
as is confirmed by the Gita statement "sahasra-yuga paryantam ahar-yad brahmano viduh", meaning, a day of brahma is of 1000 mahayugas. Thus a day of Brahma, kalpa, is of duration: 4.32 billion solar years. Two kalpas constitute a day and night of Brahma
A manvantara consists of 71 mahayugas (306,720,000 solar years). Each Manvantara is ruled by a Manu.
After each manvantara follows one Sandhi Kala of the same duration as a Krita Yuga (1,728,000 = 4 Charana). (It is said that during a Sandhi Kala, the entire earth is submerged in water.)
A kalpa consists of a period of 1,728,000 solar years called Adi Sandhi, followed by 14 manvantaras and Sandhi Kalas.
A day of Brahma equals
(14 times 71 mahayugas) + (15 x 4 Charanas)
= 994 mahayugas + (60 Charanas)
= 994 mahayugas + (6 x 10) Charanas
= 994 mahayugas + 6 mahayugas
= 1,000 mahayugas
(Two kalpas constitute a day and night of Brahma)
30 days of Brahma = 1 month of Brahma (259.2 billion human years)
12 months of Brahma = 1 year of Brahma (3.1104 trillion human years)
50 years of Brahma = 1 Pararddha
2 parardhas = 100 years of Brahma = 1 Para = 1 Mahakalpa (the lifespan of Brahma)(311.04 trillion human years)
One day of Brahma is divided into 10,000 parts called charanas. The charanas are divided as follows:
The Four Yugas 4 charanas (1,728,000 solar years) Satya Yuga
3 charanas (1,296,000 solar years) Treta Yuga
2 charanas (864,000 solar years) Dwapar Yuga
1 charanas (432,000 solar years) Kali Yuga
Source: [3]
The cycle repeats itself so altogether there are 1,000 cycles of mahayugas in one day of Brahma.
One cycle of the above four yugas is one mahayuga (4.32 million solar years)
as is confirmed by the Gita statement "sahasra-yuga paryantam ahar-yad brahmano viduh", meaning, a day of brahma is of 1000 mahayugas. Thus a day of Brahma, kalpa, is of duration: 4.32 billion solar years. Two kalpas constitute a day and night of Brahma
A manvantara consists of 71 mahayugas (306,720,000 solar years). Each Manvantara is ruled by a Manu.
After each manvantara follows one Sandhi Kala of the same duration as a Krita Yuga (1,728,000 = 4 Charana). (It is said that during a Sandhi Kala, the entire earth is submerged in water.)
A kalpa consists of a period of 1,728,000 solar years called Adi Sandhi, followed by 14 manvantaras and Sandhi Kalas.
A day of Brahma equals
(14 times 71 mahayugas) + (15 x 4 Charanas)
= 994 mahayugas + (60 Charanas)
= 994 mahayugas + (6 x 10) Charanas
= 994 mahayugas + 6 mahayugas
= 1,000 mahayugas
Vedic secret revealed about the secret of being
Decoding of Vedic secret has lead to prevention and cure of all diseases which is generally called as a CONDITION as per the current system of medicine. Many hundred cases have been proved in each branch of condition like Mental Retardation, Autism, Cerebral palsy ,Multiple Syndrome, Paralyses , Brain Injury, Physical disability etc and has been successfully changed into a normal condition without using any artificial and toxic components.
Reckoning of time amongst the Devas.
* 1 human year = 1 day of the Devas.
* 30 days of the Devas = 1 month of the Devas. (= 30 human years)
* 12 months of the Devas = 1 year of the Devas = 1 divine year (= 360 human years)
* The lifespan of the Devas is 100 years of the Devas (= 36,000 human years)
The Vishnu Purana Time measurement section of the Vishnu Purana Book I Chapter III explains the above as follows:
* 2 Ayanas (six month periods, see above) = 1 human year or 1 day of the devas
* 4,000 + 400 + 400 = 4,800 divine years (= 1,728,000 human years) = 1 Krita Yuga
* 3,000 + 300 + 300 = 3,600 divine years (= 1,296,000 human years) = 1 Tretá Yuga
* 2,000 + 200 + 200 = 2,400 divine years (= 864,000 human years) = 1 Dwápara Yuga
* 1,000 + 100 + 100 = 1,200 divine years (= 432,000 human years) = 1 Kali Yuga
* 12,000 divine year = 4 Yugas (= 4,320,000 human years) = 1 Mahayuga (also called divine yuga)
* 30 days of the Devas = 1 month of the Devas. (= 30 human years)
* 12 months of the Devas = 1 year of the Devas = 1 divine year (= 360 human years)
* The lifespan of the Devas is 100 years of the Devas (= 36,000 human years)
The Vishnu Purana Time measurement section of the Vishnu Purana Book I Chapter III explains the above as follows:
* 2 Ayanas (six month periods, see above) = 1 human year or 1 day of the devas
* 4,000 + 400 + 400 = 4,800 divine years (= 1,728,000 human years) = 1 Krita Yuga
* 3,000 + 300 + 300 = 3,600 divine years (= 1,296,000 human years) = 1 Tretá Yuga
* 2,000 + 200 + 200 = 2,400 divine years (= 864,000 human years) = 1 Dwápara Yuga
* 1,000 + 100 + 100 = 1,200 divine years (= 432,000 human years) = 1 Kali Yuga
* 12,000 divine year = 4 Yugas (= 4,320,000 human years) = 1 Mahayuga (also called divine yuga)
The Puranas
Categorized List of the 18 Puranas
Puranas with Lord Vishnu as the Predominating Deity (Sattva Guna):
1) Vishnu Purana - 23,000 verses.
his is the oldest and was narrated by Parasara, father of Veda Vyasa to his disciple Maitreya. This was very popular and Sri Sankaracharaya and Ramanujacharya took quotes from this. Maurya dynasty was mentioned in this work.
Stories of various devotees; a description of varnasrama; the six angas of the Veda; a description of the age of Kali; description of Sveta-Varaha Kalpa, Vishnu dharmotara.
2) Naradiya Purana - 25,000 verses.
This Purana contains a synopsis of everything; it describes Jagannatha Puri, Dwaraka, Badrinatha, etc.The great 4 sages Sanaka, Sanandana, Sanathana and Sanath sujatha explained the doctrines of Vishnu Bhakti to Narada through simple stories. It also contains descriptions of feasts and ceremonies observed by the devotees of Vishnu.
3) Padma Purana - 55,000 verses.
Contains the glory of Srimad-Bhagavatam; the stories of Rama, Jagannatha, Matsya, Ekadasi, Bhrgu, etc.And This is a huge Puranam. It describes the creation, geneology of kings, many sacred places of pilgrimage etc. In this too many ceremonies to be observed by the devotees are described. It also contains the stories of Ramayana, Story of Sakuntala, Ekadasi Mahatmyam etc.
4) Garuda Purana - 19,000 verses.
Lord Vishnu himself to his vehicle Garuda narrated this. Methods to worship, feasts and ceremonies are described. It is also described about the soul after death, funeral rites etc.Subject of Bhagavad-gita; reincarnation; visnu-sahasra-nama; description of Tarsya Kalpa.
5) Varaha Purana - 24,000 verses.
Describes different vratas; Lord Vishnu's glories.
This was narrated by Lord Vishnu in the form of Varaha (boar) to the Mother earth (Bhumadevi). It is describing the daily life of a devotee of Lord Vishnu
6) Bhagavata Purana - 18,000 verses. (included by some in the mode of goodness)
The most popular Puranam. It has been translated almost in all the major Indian languages. There are twelve books in it and the 10th book describes the birth of Lord Sri Krishna. 24 incarnations of Lord Vishnu is described and large number of devotional poems with high philosophical content.
Puranas with Lord Brahma as the Predominating Deity (Rajo Guna):
7) Brahmanda Purana - 12,000 verses.
Describes the vedangas; describes the Adi Kalpa.
This is in the form dialogue between Siva and Parvathi.
8) Brahmavaivarta Purana - 18,000 verses.
Contains the glories and pastimes of Radha and Krishna.
it is described that the whole universe is the illusory trasformation of Supreme Being. In the fourth section of this Puranam it is beautifully described about Krishna and Radha. Krishna is the Supremem God and Radha is Maya (illusionary power of God), who is inseparable from him but always controlled by Him. Goloka (world of cows) is their abode which is far beyond Vaikunta (Mokshalokam) and the great devotees who have attained sameness of form with Lord Krishna stay here. This is the source of Jayadeva’s Gita-Govindam.
9) Markandeya Purana - 9,000 verses.
Stories of Rama and Krishna.
Elaborate descriptions of creation and deluge, stories of Vedic Gods like The Sun, Fire God etc., are available in this. This is close to Vedic Philosophy. The Devi Mahatmyam or Durga Saptasati is a part of it.
10) Bhavisya Purana - 14,500 verses.
Talking about future particularly Kaliyuga. Duties of four castes and methods to worship the Sun, Agni and Nagas.
11) Vamana Purana - 10,000 verses.
Starting with the description of Vamana Avatar and proceeds to the worship of Sivalinga and pilgrimage to Siva temples.
12) Brahma Purana - 10,000 verses.
Puranas with Lord Shiva as the Predominating Deity (Tamo Guna):
This is known as the first Puranam. This was narrated by the creator Brahma to Daksha Prajapathi. It contains greatness of holy places.
13) Matsya Purana - 14,000 verses.
Lord Vishnu narrated this in the form Fish to Manu, the first King after the deluge (pralaya). Holy places, festivals, omens and rites to be observed by Saivaites and Vaishnavaites are described. References of South India and South Indian Architecture are available.
14) Kurma Purana - 17,000 verses.
Contains the conversation between Krishna and the Sun-god (mentioned in Bhagavad-gita); Danvantari; Describes the Lakshmi Kalpa.
15) Linga Purana - 10,000 verses.
Contains the glory of Lord Nrismhadeva; Janardhana; the story of Ambarisa; the glories of Gayatri.
16) Shiva Purana - 24,000 verses.
This forms part of Vayu Puranam and hence many lists include Vayupuranam in the place of this Puranam. Banabhatta refers this (Vayu) purnam as it was recited everyday in his village. The Gupta kings are mentioned in this. This glorifies the worship of Lord Shiva and is narrated by Vayu, the wind God.
17) Skanda Purana - 81,000 verses.
This is a big puranam consisting of 81,000 slokas. Birth Skanda the war God is described in this. Based on this Kalidasa composed Kumarasambhava.
18) Agni Purana - 15,400 verses.
Agni, the fire God to sage Vasishta, narrated this. It is describing Siva and Durga cult. This Purana contains many modern topics. It is almost an encyclopaedia in its contents dealing with subjects like Ayurveda (Indian Medicine), Silpa Sastra (Architecture), Jyothish (Astrology and Astronomy), Poetics etc.
Puranas with Lord Vishnu as the Predominating Deity (Sattva Guna):
1) Vishnu Purana - 23,000 verses.
his is the oldest and was narrated by Parasara, father of Veda Vyasa to his disciple Maitreya. This was very popular and Sri Sankaracharaya and Ramanujacharya took quotes from this. Maurya dynasty was mentioned in this work.
Stories of various devotees; a description of varnasrama; the six angas of the Veda; a description of the age of Kali; description of Sveta-Varaha Kalpa, Vishnu dharmotara.
2) Naradiya Purana - 25,000 verses.
This Purana contains a synopsis of everything; it describes Jagannatha Puri, Dwaraka, Badrinatha, etc.The great 4 sages Sanaka, Sanandana, Sanathana and Sanath sujatha explained the doctrines of Vishnu Bhakti to Narada through simple stories. It also contains descriptions of feasts and ceremonies observed by the devotees of Vishnu.
3) Padma Purana - 55,000 verses.
Contains the glory of Srimad-Bhagavatam; the stories of Rama, Jagannatha, Matsya, Ekadasi, Bhrgu, etc.And This is a huge Puranam. It describes the creation, geneology of kings, many sacred places of pilgrimage etc. In this too many ceremonies to be observed by the devotees are described. It also contains the stories of Ramayana, Story of Sakuntala, Ekadasi Mahatmyam etc.
4) Garuda Purana - 19,000 verses.
Lord Vishnu himself to his vehicle Garuda narrated this. Methods to worship, feasts and ceremonies are described. It is also described about the soul after death, funeral rites etc.Subject of Bhagavad-gita; reincarnation; visnu-sahasra-nama; description of Tarsya Kalpa.
5) Varaha Purana - 24,000 verses.
Describes different vratas; Lord Vishnu's glories.
This was narrated by Lord Vishnu in the form of Varaha (boar) to the Mother earth (Bhumadevi). It is describing the daily life of a devotee of Lord Vishnu
6) Bhagavata Purana - 18,000 verses. (included by some in the mode of goodness)
The most popular Puranam. It has been translated almost in all the major Indian languages. There are twelve books in it and the 10th book describes the birth of Lord Sri Krishna. 24 incarnations of Lord Vishnu is described and large number of devotional poems with high philosophical content.
Puranas with Lord Brahma as the Predominating Deity (Rajo Guna):
7) Brahmanda Purana - 12,000 verses.
Describes the vedangas; describes the Adi Kalpa.
This is in the form dialogue between Siva and Parvathi.
8) Brahmavaivarta Purana - 18,000 verses.
Contains the glories and pastimes of Radha and Krishna.
it is described that the whole universe is the illusory trasformation of Supreme Being. In the fourth section of this Puranam it is beautifully described about Krishna and Radha. Krishna is the Supremem God and Radha is Maya (illusionary power of God), who is inseparable from him but always controlled by Him. Goloka (world of cows) is their abode which is far beyond Vaikunta (Mokshalokam) and the great devotees who have attained sameness of form with Lord Krishna stay here. This is the source of Jayadeva’s Gita-Govindam.
9) Markandeya Purana - 9,000 verses.
Stories of Rama and Krishna.
Elaborate descriptions of creation and deluge, stories of Vedic Gods like The Sun, Fire God etc., are available in this. This is close to Vedic Philosophy. The Devi Mahatmyam or Durga Saptasati is a part of it.
10) Bhavisya Purana - 14,500 verses.
Talking about future particularly Kaliyuga. Duties of four castes and methods to worship the Sun, Agni and Nagas.
11) Vamana Purana - 10,000 verses.
Starting with the description of Vamana Avatar and proceeds to the worship of Sivalinga and pilgrimage to Siva temples.
12) Brahma Purana - 10,000 verses.
Puranas with Lord Shiva as the Predominating Deity (Tamo Guna):
This is known as the first Puranam. This was narrated by the creator Brahma to Daksha Prajapathi. It contains greatness of holy places.
13) Matsya Purana - 14,000 verses.
Lord Vishnu narrated this in the form Fish to Manu, the first King after the deluge (pralaya). Holy places, festivals, omens and rites to be observed by Saivaites and Vaishnavaites are described. References of South India and South Indian Architecture are available.
14) Kurma Purana - 17,000 verses.
Contains the conversation between Krishna and the Sun-god (mentioned in Bhagavad-gita); Danvantari; Describes the Lakshmi Kalpa.
15) Linga Purana - 10,000 verses.
Contains the glory of Lord Nrismhadeva; Janardhana; the story of Ambarisa; the glories of Gayatri.
16) Shiva Purana - 24,000 verses.
This forms part of Vayu Puranam and hence many lists include Vayupuranam in the place of this Puranam. Banabhatta refers this (Vayu) purnam as it was recited everyday in his village. The Gupta kings are mentioned in this. This glorifies the worship of Lord Shiva and is narrated by Vayu, the wind God.
17) Skanda Purana - 81,000 verses.
This is a big puranam consisting of 81,000 slokas. Birth Skanda the war God is described in this. Based on this Kalidasa composed Kumarasambhava.
18) Agni Purana - 15,400 verses.
Agni, the fire God to sage Vasishta, narrated this. It is describing Siva and Durga cult. This Purana contains many modern topics. It is almost an encyclopaedia in its contents dealing with subjects like Ayurveda (Indian Medicine), Silpa Sastra (Architecture), Jyothish (Astrology and Astronomy), Poetics etc.
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